{"id":16761,"date":"2026-08-28T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-28T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/?p=16761"},"modified":"2026-08-21T22:42:27","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T21:42:27","slug":"biais-cognitifs-pourquoi-vous-ne-voyez-jamais-la-realite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/biais-cognitifs-pourquoi-vous-ne-voyez-jamais-la-realite\/","title":{"rendered":"Biais cognitifs : pourquoi vous ne voyez jamais la r\u00e9alit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 id=\"h-biais-cognitifs-pourquoi-vous-ne-voyez-jamais-la-realite\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biais cognitifs : pourquoi vous ne voyez jamais la r\u00e9alit\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jo\u00ebl a punais\u00e9 une phrase au-dessus de son bureau depuis trois ans : \u00ab Nous ne voyons pas les choses telles qu&rsquo;elles sont, nous les voyons telles que nous sommes. \u00bb Ana\u00efs Nin l&rsquo;a \u00e9crite dans les ann\u00e9es 1940. Jo\u00ebl, lui, dirige une \u00e9quipe produit dans une entreprise de logistique, et il l&rsquo;a punais\u00e9e apr\u00e8s avoir enterr\u00e9 un projet qui aurait d\u00fb r\u00e9ussir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le projet reposait sur des donn\u00e9es solides. Les clients interrog\u00e9s voulaient le service. Les tests pr\u00e9liminaires \u00e9taient positifs. Jo\u00ebl et son comit\u00e9 de pilotage l&rsquo;ont pourtant enterr\u00e9, parce qu&rsquo;un chiffre isol\u00e9, mal interpr\u00e9t\u00e9, confirmait ce que tout le monde redoutait d\u00e9j\u00e0 en secret : que ce march\u00e9 n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas m\u00fbr. Six mois plus tard, un concurrent lan\u00e7ait le m\u00eame service. Il cartonnait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce qui s&rsquo;est jou\u00e9 dans cette salle de r\u00e9union n&rsquo;a rien d&rsquo;exceptionnel. C&rsquo;est un biais cognitif, et il gouverne une bonne partie des d\u00e9cisions d&rsquo;entreprise sans jamais se pr\u00e9senter comme tel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-ce-que-le-cerveau-fait-a-votre-place\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce que le cerveau fait \u00e0 votre place<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un biais cognitif est un raccourci mental. Le cerveau, pour traiter l&rsquo;information vite, simplifie, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralise, compare au connu. Ce raccourci a permis \u00e0 nos anc\u00eatres de survivre face \u00e0 un pr\u00e9dateur sans convoquer un comit\u00e9 d&rsquo;analyse. Il devient un probl\u00e8me d\u00e8s que la d\u00e9cision \u00e0 prendre est complexe et que la rapidit\u00e9 du raccourci prend le pas sur la justesse du jugement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;un des invariants que j&rsquo;ai le plus observ\u00e9s en trente ans pass\u00e9s chez Apple, Sony puis \u00e0 la t\u00eate de la R&amp;D de Neopost : la technologie change, les process changent, mais le cerveau humain qui d\u00e9cide reste soumis aux m\u00eames m\u00e9canismes. J&rsquo;ai consacr\u00e9 un chapitre entier de <a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/livre\/?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">(Mon livre, chapitre 6)<\/a> \u00e0 cette question, parce qu&rsquo;aucune m\u00e9thode d&rsquo;innovation ne tient si elle ignore ce param\u00e8tre-l\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"16547\" class=\"elementor elementor-16547\" data-elementor-post-type=\"rs_elements\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e23d49d e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e23d49d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2e4915 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c2e4915\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;rollIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/#le-livre\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"196\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-196x300.webp?wsr\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-11055\" alt=\"Philippe Boulanger - Innover ou agoniser, c&apos;est vous qui voyez !\" srcset=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-196x300.webp 196w, https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-668x1024.webp 668w, https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-768x1177.webp 768w, https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-1003x1536.webp 1003w, https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr-1337x2048.webp 1337w, https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/phillipe-boulanger-book-fr.webp 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 196px) 100vw, 196px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee54e18 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee54e18\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8918db1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8918db1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45f21a7 balance accent-checks elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor elementor-motion-effects-parent\" style=\"--flex-wrap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-content: initial; --gap: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --order: initial; --align-self: initial; align-self: auto; flex: 0 1 auto; order: 0; place-content: normal; align-items: normal; flex-flow: row; gap: 21px; --widgets-spacing: 1em 1em; --widgets-spacing-row: 1em; --widgets-spacing-column: 1em; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --kit-widget-spacing: 0px; text-align: center; font-size: clamp(18px, 1.5vw, 21px); max-width: 100%;\" data-id=\"45f21a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_range&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:5,&quot;end&quot;:25}},&quot;motion_fx_opacity_direction&quot;:&quot;out-in&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_level&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container elementor-motion-effects-element\" style=\"transition: background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.4s; transform-origin: 50% 50%; height: 314.931px; margin: 0em; opacity: 1; will-change: opacity;\"><p>Ce livre s\u2019adresse aux PDG, aux dirigeants et aux innovateurs pr\u00eats \u00e0 tout remettre en question et \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une croissance exponentielle.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca7ab5d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ca7ab5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/#le-livre\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Le Livre<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-le-biais-de-statu-quo-invisible-et-arithmetique\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le biais de statu quo, invisible et arithm\u00e9tique<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le premier biais qui tue les projets d&rsquo;innovation est le biais de statu quo : la pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour ce qui existe d\u00e9j\u00e0, simplement parce que \u00e7a existe d\u00e9j\u00e0. Face \u00e0 une d\u00e9cision complexe, le cerveau \u00e9conomise de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie en votant pour l&rsquo;option la plus famili\u00e8re. Lors de mes conf\u00e9rences, une exp\u00e9rimentation simple montre qu&rsquo;entre 85 % et 90 % d&rsquo;une audience tombe dans ce biais sans m\u00eame s&rsquo;en rendre compte, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce qu&rsquo;on le leur montre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00e9tudes sur la d\u00e9cision strat\u00e9gique en entreprise confirment cette m\u00e9canique \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Une enqu\u00eate men\u00e9e aupr\u00e8s de plus de 2 000 dirigeants a montr\u00e9 qu&rsquo;un quart seulement jugeait la qualit\u00e9 de leurs d\u00e9cisions strat\u00e9giques r\u00e9ellement bonne, la majorit\u00e9 estimant que les mauvaises d\u00e9cisions \u00e9taient presque aussi fr\u00e9quentes que les bonnes (McKinsey)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-le-biais-de-confirmation-ou-comment-on-tue-une-bonne-idee-sans-le-savoir\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le biais de confirmation, ou comment on tue une bonne id\u00e9e sans le savoir<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le biais de confirmation est le second grand coupable. Il consiste \u00e0 rechercher, interpr\u00e9ter et retenir l&rsquo;information qui confirme ce qu&rsquo;on croit d\u00e9j\u00e0, et \u00e0 \u00e9carter ce qui le contredit. C&rsquo;est exactement ce qui s&rsquo;est pass\u00e9 dans le comit\u00e9 de Jo\u00ebl : un chiffre isol\u00e9 a suffi, parce qu&rsquo;il allait dans le sens de la crainte collective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce biais est document\u00e9 depuis les travaux fondateurs des ann\u00e9es 1960 en psychologie cognitive, et il reste l&rsquo;un des plus \u00e9tudi\u00e9s dans la litt\u00e9rature scientifique aujourd&rsquo;hui, pr\u00e9sent aussi bien dans les d\u00e9cisions politiques que dans la recherche elle-m\u00eame (Wikip\u00e9dia). Une revue r\u00e9cente portant sur les d\u00e9cisions professionnelles dans quatre domaines (management, finance, m\u00e9decine, droit) situe la surconfiance et la confirmation parmi les biais les plus r\u00e9currents chez les experts, y compris les plus exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s (Frontiers in Psychology).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daniel Kahneman, prix Nobel d&rsquo;\u00e9conomie, l&rsquo;a document\u00e9 avec ses coauteurs dans un article devenu une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les dirigeants : la conscience de l&rsquo;existence des biais ne suffit pas \u00e0 les neutraliser. Seule une m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9cision structur\u00e9e, avec des garde-fous explicites, r\u00e9duit r\u00e9ellement leur effet (HBR)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-l-ancrage-ou-le-prix-a-997-euros\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&rsquo;ancrage, ou le prix \u00e0 997 euros<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un troisi\u00e8me biais m\u00e9rite d&rsquo;\u00eatre nomm\u00e9, parce qu&rsquo;il touche autant vos d\u00e9cisions internes que la mani\u00e8re dont on vous vend des solutions : l&rsquo;ancrage. Il consiste \u00e0 s&rsquo;appuyer trop fortement sur la premi\u00e8re information rencontr\u00e9e, au point qu&rsquo;elle fa\u00e7onne tout le jugement qui suit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Annoncez un prix \u00e0 997 euros puis proposez une offre \u00ab exceptionnelle \u00bb \u00e0 197 euros, et cette derni\u00e8re para\u00eetra imbattable, alors qu&rsquo;elle n&rsquo;a \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9e qu&rsquo;en comparaison de l&rsquo;ancre pos\u00e9e juste avant. J&rsquo;ai vu ce m\u00e9canisme fonctionner \u00e0 l&rsquo;identique dans des comit\u00e9s d&rsquo;investissement : la premi\u00e8re estimation de budget \u00e9voqu\u00e9e dans une r\u00e9union devient la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 laquelle tout le reste sera compar\u00e9, qu&rsquo;elle soit juste ou non. C&rsquo;est un m\u00e9canisme que je d\u00e9taille dans <a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/livre\/?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">(Mon livre)<\/a>, avec des exemples concrets tir\u00e9s de comit\u00e9s d&rsquo;investissement r\u00e9els.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un guide destin\u00e9 aux directions financi\u00e8res souligne que les organisations qui traitent s\u00e9rieusement le sujet mettent en place des processus formels de revue des d\u00e9cisions, plut\u00f4t que de compter sur la seule vigilance individuelle des managers (McKinsey)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-debiaiser-n-est-pas-un-acte-de-volonte-c-est-une-methode\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9biaiser n&rsquo;est pas un acte de volont\u00e9, c&rsquo;est une m\u00e9thode<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voil\u00e0 l&rsquo;erreur la plus r\u00e9pandue : croire qu&rsquo;il suffit de conna\u00eetre ses biais pour s&rsquo;en lib\u00e9rer. La lucidit\u00e9 intellectuelle ne suffit pas. Ce qui fonctionne, c&rsquo;est la mise en place de garde-fous structurels : diff\u00e9rer une d\u00e9cision rapide plut\u00f4t que la trancher \u00e0 chaud, revenir sur une \u00e9valuation apr\u00e8s un d\u00e9lai fix\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;avance, solliciter syst\u00e9matiquement un avis ext\u00e9rieur non concern\u00e9 par le sujet, et surtout, privil\u00e9gier les faits mesur\u00e9s aux impressions ressenties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&rsquo;est exactement le principe que j&rsquo;ai formalis\u00e9 dans le syst\u00e8me Intelligence Innovationnelle\u00ae : les hypoth\u00e8ses sont dangereuses tant qu&rsquo;elles ne sont pas confront\u00e9es au r\u00e9el. Une entreprise de retail avec laquelle j&rsquo;ai travaill\u00e9 \u00e9tait convaincue que son public cible boudait le mobile. L&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation a montr\u00e9 l&rsquo;inverse en trois semaines. Le biais n&rsquo;avait jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9 avant qu&rsquo;on d\u00e9cide de le tester.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-l-essentiel\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&rsquo;essentiel<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Retenez trois choses de cet article :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Un biais cognitif n&rsquo;est pas une faiblesse personnelle, c&rsquo;est un fonctionnement normal du cerveau face \u00e0 la complexit\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le biais de statu quo, le biais de confirmation et l&rsquo;ancrage sont les trois m\u00e9canismes qui p\u00e8sent le plus lourd sur les d\u00e9cisions d&rsquo;entreprise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On ne combat pas un biais par la volont\u00e9, on le combat par une m\u00e9thode : d\u00e9lai de d\u00e9cision, avis ext\u00e9rieur, et exp\u00e9rimentation syst\u00e9matique des hypoth\u00e8ses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La citation de Jo\u00ebl reste punais\u00e9e au-dessus de son bureau. Il ne l&rsquo;a pas gard\u00e9e pour se rassurer. Il l&rsquo;a gard\u00e9e pour se rappeler, chaque matin, qu&rsquo;il ne voit jamais tout \u00e0 fait le march\u00e9 tel qu&rsquo;il est.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"16412\" class=\"elementor elementor-16412\" data-elementor-post-type=\"rs_elements\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9a0121 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f9a0121\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf210a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel\" data-id=\"cf210a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #2&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;6c12b1f&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide #1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;662949d&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Slide 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4.3-6.2 4.5-1 7.7 1.5 7.4 5.8-.2 3.5-1.8 7.7-.5 11.1 1 2.7 3.6 2.8 5 .2 1.6-3.1 0-8.3-.4-11.6-.4-4.2-.2-7 1.8-10.8 0 0-.1.1-.1.2-.2.4-.3.7-.4.8v.1c-.1.2-.1.2 0 0v-.1l.4-.8c0-.1.1-.1.1-.2.2-.4.5-.8.8-1.2V0H0zM282.7 3.4z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95a8253 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95a8253\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un \u00e9v\u00e9nement d&rsquo;entreprise, un s\u00e9minaire, une assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, un COMEX ou CODIR ?<\/p><p>Les interventions sur l&rsquo;innovation et l&rsquo;IA de Philippe sont innovantes, vous \u00eates pr\u00e9venus !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc4d47 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5dc4d47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/conferences\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Les conf\u00e9rences phares<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"2\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 sur 5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca26ec6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca26ec6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2f0030 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f2f0030\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/conferences\/keynote-intelligence-innovationnelle\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Conference-Intelligence-Innovationnelle\u00ae-FR-rs6j7afw2pnqdk9pzhhw4hmupczfvu0d879ew4y51e.webp?wsr\" title=\"Conf\u00e9rence Intelligence Innovationnelle\u00ae FR\" alt=\"Conf\u00e9rence Intelligence Innovationnelle\u00ae FR\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"3\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 sur 5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c64f275 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c64f275\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3061c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a3061c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/conferences\/conference-sur-lintelligence-artificielle\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Conference-Intelligence-Artificielle-FR-rs6j7afw2pnqdk9pzhhw4hmupczfvu0d879ew4y51e.webp?wsr\" title=\"Conf\u00e9rence Intelligence Artificielle FR\" alt=\"Conf\u00e9rence Intelligence Artificielle FR\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"4\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 sur 5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6da9b9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6da9b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d24ec00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d24ec00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-align: center;\">Compl\u00e9tez une intervention en conf\u00e9rence avec des ateliers innovants et percutants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Les conf\u00e9rences inspirent et sensibilisent, les ateliers transforment !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae0418d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ae0418d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/ateliers\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">LES Ateliers<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" data-slide=\"5\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 sur 5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d75635 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d75635\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f839d23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f839d23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/ateliers\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Workshops-Intelligence-Innovationnelle\u00ae-FR-rs6j7afw2pnqdk9pzhhw4hmupczfvu0d879ew4y51e.webp?wsr\" title=\"Workshops Intelligence Innovationnelle\u00ae FR\" alt=\"Workshops Intelligence Innovationnelle\u00ae FR\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-references\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/livre\/?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">(Mon livre) <a href=\"https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/livre\/?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/philippeboulanger.com\/fr\/livre\/<\/a><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(McKinsey) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/strategy-and-corporate-finance\/our-insights\/the-case-for-behavioral-strategy?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/strategy-and-corporate-finance\/our-insights\/the-case-for-behavioral-strategy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(McKinsey) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/strategy-and-corporate-finance\/our-insights\/biases-in-decision-making-a-guide-for-cfos?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/capabilities\/strategy-and-corporate-finance\/our-insights\/biases-in-decision-making-a-guide-for-cfos<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(HBR) <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2011\/06\/before-you-make-that-big-decision?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/hbr.org\/2011\/06\/before-you-make-that-big-decision<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(Wikip\u00e9dia) <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Confirmation_bias?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Confirmation_bias<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(Frontiers in Psychology) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8763848\/?utm_source=philippeboulanger.com\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8763848\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un chiffre isol\u00e9 suffit parfois \u00e0 enterrer un bon projet. Voici pourquoi vos d\u00e9cisions les plus rationnelles restent pilot\u00e9es par des biais que vous ne voyez jamais venir, et comment les neutraliser par la m\u00e9thode plut\u00f4t que par la volont\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":16767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[50],"tags":[70,1660,1128,1642,76],"class_list":["post-16761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intelligence-innovationnelle","tag-biais-cognitifs","tag-biais-de-confirmation","tag-biais-de-statu-quo","tag-intelligence-innovationnelle-2","tag-prise-de-decision"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - 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